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Site - proUSite proU Site proU
- Name: proU
- Type: Operon
- Synonyms
|
| osrA | mnemonic osmoresponsive |
- Mnemonic: Proline
- Left End Point: 60.42
- Right End Point: 60.49
- Direction: >
- Properties:
| Property | Comment |
|---|
| transport gene | ABC-transporter? |
- Priority: 1
- External Database Links:
- Comment:
- high-affinity transport system for glycine betaine and proline. Sole transporter for anaerobic carnitine influx. osr for osmoresponsive. genes proVWX/ ABC-transporter? see also proP
- References:
- Gowrishankar, J. 1985. Identification of osmoresponsive genes in Escherichia coli: evidence for participation of potassium and proline transport systems in osmoregulation. J.Bacteriol. 164:434-445
- Sutherland, L., J. Cairney, M.J. Elmore, I.R. Booth, C.F. Higgins 1986. Osmotic regulation of transcription: induction of the proU betaine transport gene is dependent on accumulation of intracellular potassium. J.Bacteriol. 168:805-814
- May, G., E. Faatz, M. Villarejo, E. Bremer 1986. Binding protein dependent transport of glycine betaine and its osmotic regulation in Escherichia coli. Mol.Gen.Genet. 205:225-233
- Grothe, S.R., R.L. Krogsrud, D.J. McClellan, J.L. Milner, J.M. Wood 1986. Proline transport and osmotic stress response in Escherichia coli K-12. J.Bacteriol. 166:253-259
- Gowrishankar, J., P. Jayashree, K. Rajkumari 1986. Molecular cloning of an osmoregulatory locus in Escherichia coli: increased proU gene dosage results in enhanced osmotolerance. J.Bacteriol. 168:1197-1204
- Faatz, E., A. Middendorf, E. Bremer 1988. Cloned structural genes for the osmotically regulated binding-protein-dependent glycine betaine transport system (ProU) of Escherichia coli K-12. Mol.Microbiol. 2:265-279
- May, G., E. Faatz, J.M. Lucht, M. Haardt, M. Bolliger, E. Bremer 1989. Characterization of the osmoregulated Escherichia coli proU promoter and identification of ProV as a membrane-associated protein. Mol.Microbiol. 3:1521-1531
- Dattananda, C.S., J. Gowrishankar 1989. Osmoregulation in Escherichia coli: complementation analysis and gene-protein relationships in the proU locus. J.Bacteriol. 171:1915-1922
- Gowrishankar, J. 1989. Nucleotide sequence of the osmoregulatory proU operon of Escherichia coli. J.Bacteriol. 171:1923-1931
- Stirling, D.A., C.S.J. Hulton, L. Waddell, S.F. Park, G.S.A.B. Stewart, I.R. Booth, C.F. Higgins 1989. Molecular characterization of the proU loci of Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli encoding osmoregulated glycine betaine transport systems.
- Prince, W.S., M.R. Villarejo 1990. Osmotic control of proU transcription is mediated through direct action of potassium glutamate on the transcription complex. J.Biol.Chem. 265:17673-17679
- Manna, D., J. Gowrishankar 1994. Evidence for involvement of proteins HU and RpoS in transcription of the osmoresponsive proU operon in Escherichia coli. J.Bacteriol. 176:5378-5384
- Randall, K., M. Lever, B.A. Peddie, S.T. Chambers 1995. Competitive accumulation of betaines by Escherichia coli K-12 and derivative strains lacking betaine porters. Biochim.Biophys.Acta 1245:116-0
- Wise, A., R. Brems, V. Ramakrishnan, M. Villarejo 1996. Sequences in the -35 region of Escherichia coli rpoS-dependent genes promote transcription by E sigma S. J.Bacteriol. 178:2785-2793
- Haardt, M., E. Bremer 1996. Use of phoA and lacZ fusions to study the membrane topology of ProW, a component of the osmoregulated ProU transport system of Escherichia coli. J.Bacteriol. 178:5370-5381
- Gowrishankar, J., D. Manna 1996. How is osmotic regulation of transcription of the Escherichia coli proU operon achieved? A review and a model. Genetica 97:363-378
- Rajkumari, K., S. Kusano, A. Ishihama, T. Mizuno, J. Gowrishankar 1996. Effects of H-NS and potassium glutamate on sigmaS- and sigma70-directed transcription in vitro from osmotically regulated P1 and P2 promoters of proU in Escherichia coli. J.Bacteri
- Verheul, A., J.A. Wouters, F.M. Rombouts, T. Abee 1998. A possible role of ProP, ProU and CaiT in osmoprotection of Escherichia coli by carnitine. J Appl Microbiol 85:1036-1046
